中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法 （１９８９年２月２１日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议通过）
全文
《中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法》已由中华人民共和国第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议于１９８９年２月２１日通过，现予公布，自１９８９年８月１日起施行。
中华人民共和国主席 杨尚昆
１９８９年２月２１日
目 录
第一章 总 则
第二章 进口商品的检验
第三章 出口商品的检验
第四章 监督管理
第五章 法律责任
第六章 附 则
第一章 总 则
第一条 为了加强进出口商品检验工作，保证进出口商品的质量，维护对外贸易有关各方的合法权益，促进对外经济贸易关系的顺利发展，制定本法。
第二条 国务院设立进出口商品检验部门（以下简称国家商检部门），主管全国进出口商品检验工作。国家商检部门设在各地的进出口商品检验机构（以下简称商检机构）管理所辖地区的进出口商品检验工作。
第三条 商检机构和国家商检部门、商检机构指定的检验机构，依法对进出口商品实施检验。
第四条 国家商检部门根据对外贸易发展的需要，制定、调整并公布《商检机构实施检验的进出口商品种类表》（以下简称《种类表》）。
第五条 列入《种类表》的进出口商品和其他法律、行政法规规定须经商检机构检验的进出口商品，必须经过商检机构或者国家商检部门、商检机构指定的检验机构检验。
前款规定的进口商品未经检验的，不准销售、使用；前款规定的出口商品未经检验合格的，不准出口。
本条第一款规定的进出口商品，经收货人、发货人申请，国家商检部门审查批准，可以免予检验。
第六条 商检机构实施进出口商品检验的内容，包括商品的质量、规格、数量、重量、包装以及是否符合安全、卫生要求。
法律、行政法规规定有强制性标准或者其他必须执行的检验标准的进出口商品，依照法律、行政法规规定的检验标准检验；法律、行政法规未规定有强制性标准或者其他必须执行的检验标准的，依照对外贸易合同约定的检验标准检验。
第七条 法律、行政法规规定由其他检验机构实施检验的进出口商品或者检验项目，依照有关法律、行政法规的规定办理。
第八条 国家商检部门和商检机构应当收集和向有关方面提供进出口商品检验方面的信息。
第二章 进口商品的检验
第九条 本法规定必须经商检机构检验的进口商品的收货人，必须向卸货口岸或者到达站的商检机构办理进口商品登记。对列入《种类表》的进口商品，海关凭商检机构在报关单上加盖的印章验放。
第十条 本法规定必须经商检机构检验的进口商品的收货人，应当在商检机构规定的地点和期限内，向商检机构报验。商检机构应当在对外贸易合同约定的索赔期限内检验完毕，并出具证明。
第十一条 本法规定必须经商检机构检验的进口商品以外的进口商品的收货人，发现进口商品质量不合格或者残损短缺，需要由商检机构出证索赔的，应当向商检机构申请检验出证。
第十二条 对重要的进口商品和大型的成套设备，收货人应当依据对外贸易合同约定在出口国装运前进行预检验、监造或者监装，主官部门应当加强监督；商检机构根据需要可以派出检验人员参加。
第三章 出口商品的检验
第十三条 本法规定必须经商检机构检验的出口商品的发货人，应当在商检机构规定的地点和期限内，向商检机构报验。商检机构应当在不延误装运的期限内检验完毕，并出具证明。
对列入《种类表》的出口商品，海关凭商检机构签发的检验证书、放行单或者在报关单上加盖的印章验放。
第十四条 经商检机构检验合格发给检验证书或者放行单的出口商品，应当在商检机构规定的期限内报运出口；超过期限的，应当重新报验。
第十五条 为出口危险货物生产包装容器的企业，必须申请商检机构进行包装容器的性能鉴定。生产出口危险货物的企业，必须申请商检机构进行包装容器的使用鉴定。使用未经鉴定合格的包装容器的危险货物，不准出口。
第十六条 对装运出口易腐烂变质食品的船舱和集装箱，承运人或者装箱单位必须在装货前申请检验。未经检验合格的，不准装运。
第四章 监督管理
第十七条 商检机构对本法规定必须经商检机构检验的进出口商品以外的进出口商品，可以抽查检验。出口商品经抽查检验不合格的，不准出口。
第十八条 商检机构根据检验工作的需要，可以向列入《种类表》的出口商品的生产企业派出检验人员，参与监督出口商品出厂前的质量检验工作。
第十九条 商检机构可以根据国家商检部门同外国有关机构签订的协议或者接受外国有关机构的委托进行进出口商品质量认证工作，准许在认证合格的进出口商品上使用质量认证标志。
第二十条 国家商检部门和商检机构根据检验工作的需要，通过考核，认可符合条件的国内外检验机构承担委托的进出口商品检验工作。
第二十一条 国家商检部门和商检机构对其指定或者认可的检验机构的进出口商品检验工作进行监督，可以对其检验的商品抽查检验。
第二十二条 国家根据需要，对重要的进出口商品及其生产企业实行质量许可制度，具体办法由国家商检部门会同国务院有关主管部门制定。
第二十三条 商检机构根据需要，对检验合格的进出口商品，可以加施商检标志或者封识。
第二十四条 进出口商品的报验人对商检机构作出的检验结果有异议的，可以向原商检机构或者其上级商检机构以至国家商检部门申请复验，由受理复验的商检机构或者国家商检部门作出复验结论。
第二十五条 商检机构和其指定的检验机构以及经国家商检部门批准的其他检验机构，可以接受对外贸易关系人或者外国检验机构的委托，办理进出口商品鉴定业务。
进出口商品鉴定业务的范围包括：进出口商品的质量、数量、重量、包装鉴定，海损鉴定，集装箱检验，进口商品的残损鉴定，出口商品的装运技术条件鉴定、货载衡量、产地证明、价值证明以及其他业务。
第五章 法律责任
第二十六条 违反本法规定，对列入《种类表》的和其他法律、行政法规规定必须经商检机构检验的进口商品未报经检验而擅自销售或者使用的，对列入《种类表》的和其他法律、行政法规规定必须经商检机构检验的出口商品未报经检验合格而擅自出口的，由商检机构处以罚款；情节严重，造成重大经济损失的，对直接责任人员比照刑法第一百八十七条的规定追究刑事责任。
违反本法第十七条的规定，对经商检机构抽查检验不合格的出口商品擅自出口的，依照前款的规定处罚。
第二十七条 伪造、变造商检单证、印章、标志、封识、质量认证标志，构成犯罪的，对直接责任人员比照刑法第一百六十七条的规定追究刑事责任；情节轻微的，由商检机构处以罚款。
第二十八条 当事人对商检机构的处罚决定不服的，可以自收到处罚通知之日起三十天内，向作出处罚决定的商检机构或者其上级商检机构或者国家商检部门申请复议；对复议决定不服的，可以自收到复议决定书之日起三十天内，向法院起诉。当事人逾期不申请复议或者不起诉又拒不履行的，由作出处罚决定的商检机构申请法院强制执行。
第二十九条 国家商检部门、商检机构的工作人员和国家商检部门、商检机构指定的检验机构的检验人员，滥用职权，徇私舞弊，伪造检验结果的，或者玩忽职守，延误检验出证的，根据情节轻重，给予行政处分或者依法追究刑事责任。
第六章 附 则
第三十条 商检机构和其他检验机构依照本法的规定实施检验和办理鉴定业务，依照规定收费。收费办法由国家商检部门会同国务院有关主管部门制定。
第三十一条 国家商检部门根据本法制定实施办法，报国务院批准后施行。
第三十二条 本法自１９８９年８月１日起施行。１９８４年１月２８日国务院发布的《中华人民共和国进出口商品检验条例》同时废止。
附：刑法有关条文
第一百八十七条 国家工作人员由于玩忽职守，致使公共财产、国家和人民利益遭受重大损失的，处五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。
第一百六十七条 伪造、变造或者盗窃、抢夺、毁灭国家机关、企业、事业单位、人民团体的公文、证件、印章的，处三年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剥夺政治权利；情节严重的，处三年以上十年以下有期徒刑。(附英文) LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON IMPORT AND EXPORT COM-MOD
ITY INSPECTION
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THEPEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the StateCouncil of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the ChinaLegal System Publishing House.In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON IMPORT AND EXPORT COM-MODITY INSPECTION(Adopted at the Sixth Meeting of the Standing Committee of theSeventh National People's Congress on February 21, 1989, promulgated byOrder No. 14 of the President of the People's Republic of China onFebruary 21, 1989, and effective as of August 1, 1989)ContentsChapter I
General ProvisionsChapter II
Inspection of Import CommoditiesChapter III Inspection of Export CommoditiesChapter IV
Supervision and AdministrationChapter V
Legal ResponsibilityChapter VI
Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1This Law is enacted with a view to strengthening the inspection of importand export commodities, ensuring the quality of import and exportcommodities, protecting the lawful rights and interests of the partiesinvolved in foreign trade, and promoting the smooth development of China'seconomic and trade relations with foreign countries.Article 2The State Council shall establish an Administration for Import and ExportCommodity Inspection (hereinafter referred to as the State Administrationfor Commodity Inspection), which shall be in charge of the inspection ofimport and export commodities throughout the country. The local import andexport commodity inspection authorities (hereinafter referred to as thecommodity inspection authorities) set up by the State Administration forCommodity Inspection shall be responsible for the inspection of import andexport commodities within areas under their jurisdiction.Article 3The commodity inspection authorities and other inspection organizationsdesignated by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and thecommodity inspection authorities shall, in accordance with the law,perform the inspection of import and export commodities.Article 4The State Administration for Commodity Inspection shall, in the light ofthe needs in the development of foreign trade, make, adjust and publish aList of Import and Export Commodities Subject to Inspection by theCommodity Inspection Authorities (hereinafter referred to as the List ofCommodities).Article 5Import and export commodities which are included in the List ofCommodities and import and export commodities subject to inspection by thecommodity inspection authorities under other laws or administrative rulesand regulations must be inspected by the commodity inspection authoritiesor inspection organizations designated by the State Administration forCommodity Inspection or the commodity inspection authorities. Nopermission shall be granted for the sale or use of import commoditiesspecified in the preceding paragraph until they have undergone inspection;and no permission shall be granted for the export of export commoditiesspecified in the preceding paragraph until they have been found to be upto standard through inspection.Import and export commodities specified in the first paragraph of thisArticle may be exempted from inspection upon the examination and approvalof an application from the consignee or consignor by the StateAdministration for Commodity Inspection.
Article 6Inspection on import and export commodities performed by the commodityinspection authorities shall cover quality, specifications, quantity,weight, packing and the requirements for safety and hygiene.Import and export commodities governed by compulsory standards or otherinspection standards which must be complied with as provided for by lawsor administrative rules and regulations shall be inspected in accordancewith such inspection standards; in the absence of such stipulations,import and export commodities shall be inspected in accordance with theinspection standards agreed upon in the foreign trade contracts.Article 7Import and export commodities or items subject to inspection by otherinspection organizations under laws or administrative rules andregulations shall be inspected in accordance with the provisions ofrelevant laws or administrative rules and regulations.Article 8The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodityinspection authorities shall collect information on the inspection ofimport and export commodities and make it available to the relevantcircles.
Chapter II Inspection of Import Commodities
Article 9For import commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodityinspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignee mustregister them with the commodity inspection authorities located at theport of discharge or the station of arrival. Import commodities which areincluded in the List of Commodities shall be checked and released by theCustoms upon presentation of the seal of the commodity inspectionauthorities affixed to the Customs declaration.Article 10For import commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodityinspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignee shallapply to the same authorities for inspection in places and within the timelimit specified by them. The commodity inspection authorities shallaccomplish the procedures for inspection and issue an inspectioncertificate within the period of validity of claims prescribed in aforeign trade contract.Article 11If import commodities other than those which are subject to inspection bythe commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law are foundto be not up to the quality standard, damaged or short on weight orquantity, the consignee shall apply to the commodity inspectionauthorities for inspection and the issuance of an inspection certificateif such a certificate is necessary for claiming compensation.Article 12For important import commodities and a complete set of equipment in largesize, the consignee shall, in accordance with the terms agreed upon in aforeign trade contract, conduct initial inspection or initial supervisionover manufacturing or loading in the exporting country before shipment,while the relevant competent departments shall strengthen theirsupervision. The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary,dispatch inspection personnel to take part in such inspection andsupervision.
Chapter III Inspection of Export Commodities
Article 13For export commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodityinspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignor shallapply to the same authorities for inspection in the places and within thetime limit specified by them. The commodity inspection authorities shallaccomplish the procedures for inspection and issue a certificate withoutdelaying the prescribed time for shipment. Export commodities which areincluded in the List of Commodities shall be checked and released by theCustoms upon presentation of the inspection certificate or the paper forrelease issued by the commodity inspection authorities or the seal of thesame authorities affixed to the Customs declaration.Article 14Export commodities which have been inspected and passed by the commodityinspection authorities and for which an inspection certificate or a paperfor release has been issued by the same authorities shall be declared forexport and shipped out of the country within the time limit specified bythe same authorities. Failing to meet the time limit shall entailreapplication for inspection.Article 15An enterprise manufacturing packagings for dangerous export goods mustapply to the commodity inspection authorities for a test of theperformance of such packagings. An enterprise producing dangerous exportgoods must apply to the same authorities for a test of the use ofpackagings. No permission shall be granted for the export of dangerousgoods kept in packagings which have not passed a test.Article 16For vessel holds or containers used for carrying perishable foods, thecarrier or the organization using the containers shall apply forinspection before loading. No permission shall be granted for loading andshipment until the relevant conditions are passed by the inspectors.
Chapter IV Supervision and Administration
Article 17The commodity inspection authorities may make a random inspection ofimport and export commodities beyond those subject to inspection by thecommodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law. Nopermission shall be granted for the export of export commodities found tobe substandard in a random inspection.Article 18The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, assigninspection personnel to manufacturers of export commodities which areincluded in the List of Commodities to take part in supervision over thequality inspection of export commodities before they leave the factory.Article 19The commodity inspection authorities may undertake the qualitycertification of import and export commodities on the basis of agreementssigned between the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and theforeign bodies concerned or upon entrustment by the foreign bodiesconcerned. They may permit the use of quality certification marks onimport and export commodities which have been given quality certification.Article 20The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodityinspection authorities shall, on the basis of the requirements in theirinspection, entrust competent inspection organizations at home and abroadwith the inspection of import and export commodities after examining theirqualifications.Article 21The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the Commodityinspection authorities shall exercise supervision over the import andexport commodity inspection conducted by the inspection organizationsdesignated or approved by them and may make a random inspection of thecommodities which have been inspected by such organization.Article 22The State shall, when necessary, institute a quality licence system forimportant import and export commodities and their manufacturers. Thespecific measures thereof shall be drawn up by the State Administrationfor Commodity Inspection in conjunction with the relevant competentdepartments under the State Council.Article 23The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, place commodityinspection marks or sealings on import and export commodities proved to beup to standard through inspection.
Article 24In case an applicant for the inspection of import and export commoditiesdisagrees with the results of inspection presented by the commodityinspection authorities, he may apply for reinspection to the sameauthorities, to those at the next higher level or to the StateAdministration for Commodity Inspection. The conclusion on reinspectionshall be made by the commodity inspection authorities or the StateAdministration for Commodity Inspection which has accepted the applicationfor reinspection.Article 25The commodity inspection authorities, the inspection organizationsdesignated by them and other inspection organizations approved by theState Administration for Commodity Inspection may handle the business ofsuperintending and surveying import and export commodities as entrusted byparties involved in foreign trade or by foreign inspection bodies.The scope of business of superintending and surveying import and exportcommodities shall cover: inspection of the quality, quantity, weight andpacking of import and export commodities; inspection of cargoes withrespect to general or particular average; inspection of container cargoes;damage survey of import cargoes; inspection of technical conditions forthe shipment of exports; measurement of dead tonnage; certification of theorigin or value of exports and other superintending and surveyingservices.
Chapter V Legal Responsibility
Article 26Anyone who, in violation of the relevant provisions of this Law, purposelymarkets or uses import commodities which are included in the List ofCommodities or subject to inspection by the commodity inspectionauthorities in accordance with other laws or administrative rules andregulations without having such commodities inspected, or purposelyexports export commodities which are included in the List of Commoditiesor subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities inaccordance with other laws or administrative rules and regulations withouthaving such commodities inspected and proved up to standard shall be finedby the commodity inspection authorities. If the circumstances are seriousand cause heavy economic losses, the criminal responsibility of thepersonnel directly responsible shall be investigated by applying mutatismutandis the provisions of Article 187 of the Criminal Law.Anyone who, in violation of the provisions of Article 17 of this Law,purposely exports export commodities which have been found substandardduring a random inspection by the commodity inspection authorities, shallbe punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.Article 27If the falsifying or remaking of the certificates or documents, seals orstamps, marks, sealings or quality certification marks for commodityinspection constitutes a crime, the criminal responsibility of thepersonnel directly responsible shall be investigated by applying mutatismutandis the provisions of Article 167 of the Criminal Law; if thecircumstances are minor, the offender shall be fined by the commodityinspection authorities.Article 28If a party refuses to accept the punishment decision of the commodityinspection authorities, he may, within 30 days of receiving the notice onthe punishment, apply for reconsideration to the same authorities whichhave made the punishment decision, to those at the next higher level or tothe State Administration for Commodity Inspection. If the party refusesto accept the decision on the reconsideration, he may, within 30 days ofreceiving the notice on the reconsideration decision, bring a suit norcomplies with the punishment decision within the prescribed time limit,the commodity inspection authorities which have made the punishmentdecision shall apply to a court of law for compulsory execution.Article 29Any functionary of the State Administration for Commodity Inspection or ofthe commodity inspection authorities or any of the inspection personnel ofthe inspection organizations designated by the State Administration forCommodity Inspection and the commodity inspection authorities who abuseshis power, commits irregularities for the benefit of his relatives orfriends, falsifies inspection results or fails to conduct inspection andissue a certificate within the time limit through dereliction shall,depending on the seriousness of the circumstances, be given administrativesanction, or his criminal responsibility shall be investigated accordingto law.
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Article 30The commodity inspection authorities and other inspection organizationsshall collect fees according to relevant provisions for carrying outinspection or performing superintending and surveying services inaccordance with the provisions of this Law. The procedures for collectingfees shall be drawn up by the State Administration for CommodityInspection in conjunction with the competent departments under the StateCouncil.Article 31Rules for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the StateAdministration for Commodity Inspection and shall come into force afterbeing submitted to and approved by the State Council.Article 32This Law shall come into force as of August 1, 1989. The Regulations ofthe People's Republic of China on the Inspection of Import and ExportCommodities promulgated by the State Council on January 28, 1984 shall beinvalidated as of the same date.
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